Ingrown toenails might seem like a small, harmless problem, but ignoring them can quickly lead to pain, swelling, infection, and even serious complications, especially for people with diabetes or poor circulation. Knowing the causes, risks, treatment options, and preventive steps is essential for keeping your feet healthy and comfortable.
Causes
An ingrown toenail occurs when the edge of the nail grows into the surrounding skin. While the big toe is most commonly affected, any toenail can become ingrown. Common causes include:
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Improper nail trimming – Cutting nails too short or rounding the edges instead of trimming straight across.
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Tight or ill-fitting shoes – Shoes or hosiery that press the nail into the toe.
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Injury – Stubbing or jamming your toe; repetitive trauma from sports like running, ballet, or soccer.
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Genetics – Some people naturally have curved or thick nails prone to ingrowth.
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Underlying medical conditions – Diabetes, poor circulation, or fungal infections can increase susceptibility.
Over time, untreated ingrown nails can cause the skin to grow over the nail, leading to permanent tissue changes, pain, and swelling.
Risks of Leaving Ingrown Toenails Untreated
When an ingrown toenail is ignored, the surrounding skin can become red, swollen, and tender. Infection may develop, with symptoms including:
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Increased pain
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Redness and swelling
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Pus or drainage
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Bleeding
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Feeling hot, shivery, or unwell
People with diabetes, vascular problems, or reduced sensation in their toes are at higher risk. Untreated ingrown nails in these cases can escalate into serious complications, including:
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Bone infections
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Gangrene (rare)
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Loss of a limb (extremely rare but possible in severe infections)
Treatment Options
Treatment depends on the severity of the ingrown nail. If in doubt, never hesitate to chat with one of our doctors. We’re happy to help you decide which route is best for you!
Home care (mild cases):
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Soak the foot in warm water for 15–20 minutes, 3–4 times daily.
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Keep feet dry between soaks.
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Lift the nail edge gently with cotton or dental floss to reduce pressure.
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Apply antibiotic cream and cover with a bandage.
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Wear open-toed or roomy shoes.
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Take over-the-counter pain relievers as needed.
Medical care (moderate to severe cases):
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Prescription antibiotics for infections.
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Partial nail removal – Lifting or surgically removing part of the nail to allow proper growth.
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Full nail removal – For recurrent ingrown nails, the entire nail may be removed; regrowth takes up to 4 months and may be misshapen.
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Minor in-office procedures – Removing part of the nail root to prevent recurrence; quick, minimally invasive, and effective.
Prevention
Preventing ingrown toenails often comes down to proper foot care:
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Trim nails straight across – Avoid rounding corners and leave enough nail to cover the toe.
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Soften nails first – Soak feet to make nails easier to cut.
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Wear proper footwear – Avoid tight, pointed shoes or high heels.
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Keep feet clean and dry – Prevent moisture buildup and infection.
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Assist children or elderly relatives – Trim nails for those who have difficulty reaching or seeing their toes.
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Regular foot exams – Especially important for people with chronic foot problems or underlying medical conditions.
With attention to care and early treatment, ingrown toenails can be resolved quickly. If you’re noticing discomfort or signs of infection, don’t wait! Our providers are here to offer fast, effective solutions and keep your feet healthy.
